Finding 4-14: Gender was a significant determinant of salary, but only among full professors. Male full professors made, on average, about 8 percent more than women, once we controlled for discipline. At the associate and assistant professor ranks, the differences in salaries of men and women disappeared.
When we looked more broadly at variables that might predict salary, we found the following predicted salary in addition to discipline and rank: academic age (the amount of time between receipt of a Ph. D. and December 2004); prestige of the university; type of university (private versus public); and amount of grant funding. All these variables predicted salary in the same way for male and female faculty, with the exceptions of rank and grant funding, for which the beneficial effect of a grant was more pronounced for women.